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trimipramine (Oral route)

30/06/10

Oral routeCapsule

Suicidality and Antidepressant Drugs
Antidepressants increased the risk compared to placebo of suicidal thinking and behavior (suicidality) in children, adolescents, and young adults in short-term studies of major depressive disorder (MDD) and other psychiatric disorders. Anyone considering the use of trimipramine maleate or any other antidepressant in a child, adolescent, or young adult must balance this risk with the clinical need. Short-term studies did not show an increase in the risk of suicidality with antidepressants compared to placebo in adults beyond age 24; there was a reduction in risk with antidepressants compared to placebo in adults aged 65 and older. Depression and certain other psychiatric disorders are themselves associated with increases in the risk of suicide. Patients of all ages who are started on antidepressant therapy should be monitored appropriately and observed closely for clinical worsening, suicidality, or unusual changes in behavior. Families and caregivers should be advised of the need for close observation and communication with the prescriber. Trimipramine maleate is not approved for use in pediatric patients .

Antidepressants increased the risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children, adolescents, and young adults in short-term studies with major depressive disorder (MDD) and other psychiatric disorders. Short term studies did not show an increase in the risk of suicidality with antidepressants compared to placebo in adults beyond age 24, and there was a reduction in risk with antidepressants compared to placebo in adults aged 65 and older. This risk must be balanced with the clinical need. Monitor patients closely for clinical worsening, suicidality, or unusual changes in behavior. Families and caregivers should be advised of the need for close observation and communication with the prescriber. Not approved for use in pediatric patients .

Commonly used brand name(s):

In the U.S.

Surmontil

Available Dosage Forms:

Tablet
Capsule

Therapeutic Class: Antidepressant

Pharmacologic Class: Antidepressant, Tricyclic

Uses For trimipramine

Trimipramine is used to treat the symptoms of depression. It works on the central nervous system (CNS) to increase levels of certain chemicals in the brain. trimipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA).

trimipramine is available only with your doctor’s prescription.

Before Using trimipramine

In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For trimipramine, the following should be considered:

Allergies

Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to trimipramine or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.

Pediatric

Appropriate studies have not been performed on the relationship of age to the effects of trimipramine in the pediatric population. Safety and efficacy have not been established.

Geriatric

Although appropriate studies on the relationship of age to the effects of trimipramine have not been performed in the geriatric population, no geriatric-specific problems have been documented to date. However, elderly patients are more likely to have unwanted effects (e.g., confusion or unusual drowsiness) or age-related heart, liver, or kidney problems, which may require caution in patients receiving trimipramine.

Pregnancy

	Pregnancy Category	Explanation
All Trimesters	C	Animal studies have shown an adverse effect and there are no adequate studies in pregnant women OR no animal studies have been conducted and there are no adequate studies in pregnant women.

Breast Feeding

There are no adequate studies in women for determining infant risk when using this medication during breastfeeding. Weigh the potential benefits against the potential risks before taking this medication while breastfeeding.

Interactions with Medicines

Using trimipramine with any of the following medicines is not recommended. Your doctor may decide not to treat you with this medication or change some of the other medicines you take.

Bepridil
Cisapride
Clorgyline
Grepafloxacin
Isocarboxazid
Levomethadyl
Linezolid
Mesoridazine
Moclobemide
Phenelzine
Pimozide
Selegiline
Sparfloxacin
Terfenadine
Thioridazine
Tranylcypromine

Using trimipramine with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.

Acecainide
Ajmaline
Amiodarone
Amisulpride
Amprenavir
Aprindine
Arsenic Trioxide
Astemizole
Atazanavir
Azimilide
Bretylium
Chloral Hydrate
Chloroquine
Clarithromycin
Clonidine
Disopyramide
Dofetilide
Dolasetron
Droperidol
Enflurane
Epinephrine
Erythromycin
Etilefrine
Flecainide
Fluconazole
Fluoxetine
Foscarnet
Gatifloxacin
Gemifloxacin
Halofantrine
Haloperidol
Halothane
Hydroquinidine
Ibutilide
Iproniazid
Isoflurane
Isradipine
Lidoflazine
Lorcainide
Methoxamine
Midodrine
Moxifloxacin
Nefopam
Nialamide
Norepinephrine
Octreotide
Oxilofrine
Pargyline
Pentamidine
Phenylephrine
Pirmenol
Prajmaline
Procainamide
Procarbazine
Prochlorperazine
Propafenone
Quetiapine
Quinidine
Rasagiline
Risperidone
Sematilide
Sertindole
Sertraline
Sotalol
Spiramycin
Sulfamethoxazole
Sultopride
Tapentadol
Tedisamil
Telithromycin
Toloxatone
Tramadol
Trifluoperazine
Trimethoprim
Vasopressin
Venlafaxine
Ziprasidone
Zolmitriptan
Zotepine

Using trimipramine with any of the following medicines may cause an increased risk of certain side effects, but using both drugs may be the best treatment for you. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.

Acenocoumarol
Arbutamine
Atomoxetine
Cannabis
Dicumarol
Paroxetine
Phenprocoumon
S-Adenosylmethionine

Interactions with Food/Tobacco/Alcohol

Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions may occur. Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur. Discuss with your healthcare professional the use of your medicine with food, alcohol, or tobacco.

Proper Use of trimipramine

Take trimipramine only as directed by your doctor to benefit your condition as much as possible. Do not take more of it, do not take it more often, and do not take it for a longer time than your doctor ordered.

Trimipramine can make you sleepy. Your doctor may tell you to take trimipramine at bedtime.

trimipramine comes with a medication guide. Read and follow the instructions in the guide carefully. Ask your doctor if you have any questions.

Dosing

The dose of trimipramine will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor’s orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of trimipramine. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.

The amount of medicine that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are using the medicine.

For oral dosage form (capsules):
- For depression:
  - Adults—At first, 75 milligrams (mg) in divided doses per day. Your doctor may increase your dose as needed. However, the dose is usually not more than 200 mg per day, unless you are in the hospital. Some hospitalized patients may need higher doses.
  - Teenagers and Older Adults—At first, 50 milligrams (mg) per day. Your doctor may increase your dose up to 100 mg per day.
  - Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.

Missed Dose

If you miss a dose of trimipramine, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses.

Storage

Store the medicine in a closed container at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and direct light. Keep from freezing.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed.

Ask your healthcare professional how you should dispose of any medicine you do not use.

Precautions While Using trimipramine

It is very important that your doctor check your progress at regular visits to allow for changes in your dose and to check for any unwanted effects.

Trimipramine may cause some people to be agitated, irritable, or display other abnormal behaviors. It may also cause some people to have suicidal thoughts and tendencies or to become more depressed. If you or your caregiver notice any of these side effects, tell your doctor right away.

Do not take trimipramine if you have taken a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor (isocarboxazid [Marplan®], phenelzine [Nardil®], selegiline [Eldepryl®, or tranylcypromine [Parnate®]) in the past two weeks. Do not start taking a MAO inhibitor within two weeks of stopping trimipramine. If you do, you may develop confusion, agitation, restlessness, stomach or intestinal symptoms, sudden high body temperature, extremely high blood pressure, or severe convulsions.

Do not stop taking trimipramine without first checking with your doctor. Your doctor may want you to gradually reduce the amount you are using before stopping it completely. This may help prevent a possible worsening of your condition and reduce the possibility of withdrawal symptoms such as headache, nausea, or a general feeling of discomfort or illness.

trimipramine may cause some people to become drowsy. Make sure you know how you react to trimipramine before you drive, use medicines, or do anything else that could be dangerous if you are drowsy or not alert.

Before having any kind of surgery, tell the medical doctor in charge that you are using trimipramine. Taking trimipramine together with medicines used during surgery may increase the risk of side effects.

trimipramine may affect blood sugar levels. If you notice a change in the results of your blood or urine sugar tests, or if you have any questions, check with your doctor.

trimipramine will add to the effects of alcohol and other central nervous system (CNS) depressants (medicines that cause drowsiness). Some examples of CNS depressants are antihistamines or medicine for hay fever, other allergies, or colds; sedatives, tranquilizers, or sleeping medicine; prescription pain medicine or narcotics; barbiturates; medicine for seizures; muscle relaxants; or anesthetics, including some dental anesthetics. This effect may last for a few days after you stop taking trimipramine. Check with your doctor before taking any of the above while you are using trimipramine.

trimipramine Side Effects

Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.

Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:

Incidence not known

Abdominal or stomach pain
actions that are out of control
agitation
anxiety
black, tarry stools
bleeding and bruising
bleeding gums
blood in urine or stools
blurred vision
burning, crawling, itching, numbness, prickling, “pins and needles”, or tingling feelings
chest pain or discomfort
clay-colored stools
cold sweats
coma
confusion about identity, place, and time
continuing ringing, buzzing, or other unexplained noise in ears
convulsions
cool, pale skin
cough or hoarseness
dark urine
decrease in frequency of urination
decreased urine output or volume
depression
difficulty in passing urine (dribbling)
difficulty in speaking
dizziness, faintness, or lightheadedness when getting up from a lying or sitting position suddenly
double vision
drooling
dry mouth
false beliefs that cannot be changed by facts
fast, pounding, or irregular heartbeat or pulse
fear or nervousness
feeling of warmth
feeling, seeing, or hearing things that are not there
feeling that others are watching you or controlling your behavior
feeling that others can hear your thoughts
fever with or without chills
flushed, dry skin
fruit-like breath odor
general feeling of tiredness or weakness
headache
hearing loss
hostility
hyperventilation
inability to move arms, legs, or facial muscles
inability to speak
increased hunger
increased need to urinate
increased thirst
increased urination
irritability
itching
lack of coordination
lethargy
loss of appetite
loss of balance control
lower back or side pain
mood or mental changes
muscle spasm or jerking of all extremities
muscle trembling or stiffness
muscle twitching
nausea
nightmares
pain or discomfort in arms, jaw, back, or neck
painful or difficult urination
passing urine more often
perspiration
pinpoint red or purple spots on skin
pounding in the ears
rapid weight gain
rash
redness of the face, neck, arms, and occasionally, upper chest
restlessness
seizures
shakiness and unsteady walk
shortness of breath
shuffling walk
sleeplessness
slow speech
slurred speech
sore throat
sores, ulcers, or white spots on lips or in mouth
stiffness of limbs
stupor
sudden loss of consciousness
sweating
swelling of face, ankles, legs, or hands
swollen glands
talking, feeling, and acting with excitement
trouble in holding or releasing urine
trouble sleeping
twisting movements of body
unable to sleep
uncontrolled movements, especially of face, neck, and back
unpleasant breath odor
unsteadiness, awkwardness, trembling, or other problems with muscle control or coordination
unusual behavior
unusual bleeding or bruising
unusual tiredness or weakness
vomiting of blood
weakness in arms, hands, legs, or feet
weight gain or loss
yellow eyes or skin

Get emergency help immediately if any of the following symptoms of overdose occur:

Symptoms of Overdose

Change in consciousness
clumsiness
decreased awareness or responsiveness
difficulty sleeping
disorientation
disturbed concentration
drowsiness to profound coma
enlarged pupils
extreme fatigue
hallucination
increased or excessive unconscious or jerking movements
loss of consciousness
low body temperature
muscle aches
muscle weakness
pale skin
severe sleepiness
shivering
weak or feeble pulse

Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:

Incidence not known

Abdominal cramps
bigger, dilated, or enlarged pupils (black part of eye)
black tongue
bloating
decreased interest in sexual intercourse
diarrhea
difficulty having a bowel movement (stool)
disturbance of accommodation
enlargement of the breast
hair loss, thinning of hair
heartburn
hives or welts
inability to have or keep an erection
increased in sexual ability, desire, drive, or performance
increased interest in sexual intercourse
increased sensitivity of eyes to light
increased sensitivity of skin to sunlight
loss in sexual ability, desire, drive, or performance
pain or discomfort in chest, upper stomach, or throat
peculiar taste
redness or other discoloration of skin
severe sunburn
small red or purple spots on skin
swelling of the breasts or breast soreness in both females and males
swelling of the testicles
swelling or inflammation of the mouth
swollen, painful, or tender lymph glands on side of face or neck
unexpected or excess milk flow from breasts

Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.

Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

The information contained in the Thomson Reuters Micromedex products as delivered by Drugs.com is intended as an educational aid only. It is not intended as medical advice for individual conditions or treatment. It is not a substitute for a medical exam, nor does it replace the need for services provided by medical professionals. Talk to your doctor, nurse or pharmacist before taking any prescription or over the counter drugs (including any herbal medicines or supplements) or following any treatment or regimen. Only your doctor, nurse, or pharmacist can provide you with advice on what is safe and effective for you.

The use of the Thomson Reuters Healthcare products is at your sole risk. These products are provided “AS IS” and “as available” for use, without warranties of any kind, either express or implied. Thomson Reuters Healthcare and Drugs.com make no representation or warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, timeliness, usefulness or completeness of any of the information contained in the products. Additionally, THOMSON REUTERS HEALTHCARE MAKES NO REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE OPINIONS OR OTHER SERVICE OR DATA YOU MAY ACCESS, DOWNLOAD OR USE AS A RESULT OF USE OF THE THOMSON REUTERS HEALTHCARE PRODUCTS. ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED. Thomson Reuters Healthcare does not assume any responsibility or risk for your use of the Thomson Reuters Healthcare products.

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trimetrexate (Intravenous route)

30/06/10

trye-me-TREX-ate

Intravenous routePowder for Solution

Trimetrexate glucuronate for injection must be used with concurrent leucovorin (leucovorin protection) to avoid potentially serious or life-threatening toxicities .

Commonly used brand name(s):

In the U.S.

NeuTrexin

Available Dosage Forms:

Powder for Solution

Therapeutic Class: Antibiotic

Pharmacologic Class: Antimetabolite

Uses For trimetrexate

Trimetrexate is used, together with leucovorin, to treat Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), a very serious kind of pneumonia. This kind of pneumonia occurs commonly in patients whose immune system is not working normally, such as cancer patients, transplant patients, and patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).

Trimetrexate may cause some serious, even life-threatening, side effects. To prevent these effects, you must take another medicine, leucovorin, together with trimetrexate and for 3 days after you stop receiving trimetrexate. Before you begin treatment with trimetrexate, you and your doctor should talk about the good trimetrexate will do as well as the risks of using it.

Trimetrexate is to be administered only by or under the immediate supervision of your doctor.

Products containing trimetrexate were withdrawn from the market by MedImmune in March 2007 .

Once a medicine has been approved for marketing for a certain use, experience may show that it is also useful for other medical problems. Although this use is not included in product labeling, trimetrexate is used in certain patients with the following medical condition:

Cancer of the colon

Before Using trimetrexate

In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For trimetrexate, the following should be considered:

Allergies

Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to trimetrexate or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.

Pediatric

trimetrexate has been tested in a limited number of children younger than 18 years of age. Trimetrexate can cause serious side effects in any patient. However, in effective doses, trimetrexate did not cause different side effects or problems in the few children who received it than it does in adults.

Geriatric

Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older people. Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly the same way they do in younger adults or if they cause different side effects or problems in older people. There is no specific information comparing use of trimetrexate in the elderly with use in other age groups.

Pregnancy

	Pregnancy Category	Explanation
All Trimesters	D	Studies in pregnant women have demonstrated a risk to the fetus. However, the benefits of therapy in a life threatening situation or a serious disease, may outweigh the potential risk.

Breast Feeding

Interactions with Medicines

Using trimetrexate with any of the following medicines is not recommended. Your doctor may decide not to treat you with this medication or change some of the other medicines you take.

Rotavirus Vaccine, Live

Using trimetrexate with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.

Bacillus of Calmette and Guerin Vaccine, Live
Influenza Virus Vaccine, Live
Measles Virus Vaccine, Live
Mumps Virus Vaccine, Live
Poliovirus Vaccine, Live
Rotavirus Vaccine, Live
Rubella Virus Vaccine, Live
Smallpox Vaccine
Typhoid Vaccine
Varicella Virus Vaccine
Yellow Fever Vaccine

Using trimetrexate with any of the following medicines may cause an increased risk of certain side effects, but using both drugs may be the best treatment for you. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.

Cimetidine
Clotrimazole
Erythromycin
Fluconazole
Itraconazole
Ketoconazole
Miconazole
Rifabutin
Rifampin

Interactions with Food/Tobacco/Alcohol

Proper Use of trimetrexate

When you take leucovorin:

Leucovorin must be taken with trimetrexate to help prevent very serious, possibly life-threatening, unwanted side effects. Leucovorin should be taken during trimetrexate treatment and for 3 days after trimetrexate is stopped. It is very important to take trimetrexate exactly as your doctor told you. Failure to do this can result in very serious side effects.
Take oral leucovorin exactly as directed by your doctor. Do not take more of it, do not take it more often, and do not take it for a longer time than your doctor ordered. Also, do not stop taking trimetrexate without checking with your doctor first.
Oral leucovorin works best when there is a constant amount in the blood. To help keep the amount constant, do not miss any doses. If you need help in planning the best times to take your medicine, check with your health care professional.
If you vomit shortly after taking an oral dose of leucovorin, check with your doctor. You will be told whether to take the dose again or to wait until the next scheduled dose.

Dosing

The dose of trimetrexate will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor’s orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of trimetrexate. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.

For trimetrexate
For the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia:
- For injection dosage form:
  - Adults— 45 milligrams per square meter of body surface area (mg/m2) injected into a vein once a day for twenty-one days. Your doctor will check your blood counts and may change your dose based on these counts. Your doctor may want to give you a dose you based on how much you weigh. Your dose will be determined by your doctor.
  - Children and teenagers—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.

For leucovorin
For the prevention of serious side effects of trimetrexate in the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia:
- For the oral or injection dosage forms:
  - Adults—20 milligrams per square meter of body surface area (mg/m 2) taken by mouth or injected into a vein every six hours for twenty-four days. Your doctor will check your blood counts and may change your dose based on these counts. Your doctor may want to give you a dose you based on how much you weigh. Your dose will be determined by your doctor.
  - Children and teenagers—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.

Missed Dose

If you miss a dose of trimetrexate, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses.

Storage

Store the medicine in a closed container at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and direct light. Keep from freezing.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed.

Precautions While Using trimetrexate

If your symptoms do not improve within a few days, or if they become worse, check with your doctor.

It is very important that your doctor check your progress at regular visits to make sure that trimetrexate is working properly and to check for unwanted effects.

Trimetrexate can lower the number of white blood cells in your blood temporarily, increasing your chance of getting an infection. It can also lower the number of platelets, which are necessary for proper blood clotting. If this occurs, there are certain precautions you can take, especially when your blood count is low, to reduce the risk of infection or bleeding:

If you can, avoid people with infections. Check with your doctor immediately if you think you are getting an infection or if you get a fever or chills, cough or hoarseness, lower back or side pain, or painful or difficult urination.
Check with your doctor immediately if you notice any unusual bleeding or bruising; black, tarry stools; blood in urine or stools; or pinpoint red spots on your skin.
Be careful when using a regular toothbrush, dental floss, or toothpick. Your medical doctor, dentist, or nurse may recommend other ways to clean your teeth and gums. Check with your medical doctor before having any dental work done.
Be careful not to cut yourself when you are using sharp objects such as a safety razor or fingernail or toenail cutters.

Check with your doctor right away if you experience symptoms of an allergic reaction such as cough, difficulty swallowing, dizziness, fainting or loss of consciousness, fast heartbeat, fast or irregular breathing, hives, itching, puffiness or swelling of the eyelids or around the eyes, face, lips or tongue, shortness of breath, skin rash, swelling of eyes or eyelids, tightness in chest, trouble in breathing, unusual tiredness or weakness, and/or wheezing .

trimetrexate Side Effects

Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.

Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:

More common

Abdominal pain or tenderness
black, tarry stools
blood in urine or stools
clay-colored stools
dark urine
decreased appetite
fever and sore throat
headache
itching
loss of appetite
nausea and vomiting
pinpoint red spots on skin
skin rash
swelling of feet or lower legs
unusual bleeding or bruising
unusual tiredness or weakness
yellow eyes or skin

Less common

Abdominal cramps
coma
confusion
convulsions
decreased urine output
difficulty in breathing
dizziness
fast or irregular heartbeat
hypocalcemia
increased thirst
mood or mental changes
muscle cramps in hands, arms, feet, legs, or face
muscle pain
mouth sores or ulcers
numbness and tingling around the mouth, fingertips, or feet
skin rash and itching
shortness of breath
tremor

Rare

Cough
difficulty swallowing
fainting or loss of consciousness
fast or irregular breathing
hives
puffiness or swelling of the eyelids or around the eyes, face, lips or tongue
swelling of eyes or eyelids
tightness in chest
trouble in breathing
wheezing

Less common

Fatigue
stomach pain

Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.

Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

The information contained in the Thomson Healthcare (Micromedex) products as delivered by Drugs.com is intended as an educational aid only. It is not intended as medical advice for individual conditions or treatment. It is not a substitute for a medical exam, nor does it replace the need for services provided by medical professionals. Talk to your doctor, nurse or pharmacist before taking any prescription or over the counter drugs (including any herbal medicines or supplements) or following any treatment or regimen. Only your doctor, nurse, or pharmacist can provide you with advice on what is safe and effective for you.

The use of the Thomson Healthcare products is at your sole risk. These products are provided “AS IS” and “as available” for use, without warranties of any kind, either express or implied. Thomson Healthcare and Drugs.com make no representation or warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, timeliness, usefulness or completeness of any of the information contained in the products. Additionally, THOMSON HEALTHCARE MAKES NO REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE OPINIONS OR OTHER SERVICE OR DATA YOU MAY ACCESS, DOWNLOAD OR USE AS A RESULT OF USE OF THE THOMSON HEALTHCARE PRODUCTS. ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED. Thomson Healthcare does not assume any responsibility or risk for your use of the Thomson Healthcare products.

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trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole (Intravenous route)

30/06/10

sul-fa-meth-OX-a-zole, trye-METH-oh-prim

Available Dosage Forms:

Solution

Therapeutic Class: Sulfonamide Combination

Pharmacologic Class: Folic Acid Antagonist

Chemical Class: Sulfonamide

Uses For trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole

Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim combination is used to treat intestinal or urinary tract infections. It is also used to treat Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), a very serious kind of pneumonia. This type of pneumonia occurs more commonly in patients whose immune systems are not working normally, such as cancer patients, transplant patients, and patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).

Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim combination is an antibiotic. It works by eliminating the bacteria that cause many kinds of infections. trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole will not work for colds, flu, or other virus infections.

trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole is available only with your doctor’s prescription.

Before Using trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole

In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole, the following should be considered:

Allergies

Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.

Pediatric

Appropriate studies performed to date have not demonstrated pediatric-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim combination in children older than 2 months of age. Safety and efficacy have not been established for infants less than 2 months of age.

Geriatric

Appropriate studies performed to date have not demonstrated geriatric-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim combination in the elderly. However, elderly patients are more likely to have age-related kidney or liver problems, which may require an adjustment in the dose for patients receiving sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim combination.

Pregnancy

	Pregnancy Category	Explanation
All Trimesters	C	Animal studies have shown an adverse effect and there are no adequate studies in pregnant women OR no animal studies have been conducted and there are no adequate studies in pregnant women.

Breast Feeding

Sulfamethoxazole

Trimethoprim

Studies in women suggest that this medication poses minimal risk to the infant when used during breastfeeding.

Interactions with Medicines

Using trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole with any of the following medicines is not recommended. Your doctor may decide not to treat you with this medication or change some of the other medicines you take.

Bepridil
Cisapride
Dofetilide
Levomethadyl
Mesoridazine
Pimozide
Terfenadine
Thioridazine

Using trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.

Acecainide
Acenocoumarol
Ajmaline
Amiodarone
Amisulpride
Amitriptyline
Amoxapine
Aprindine
Arsenic Trioxide
Astemizole
Azimilide
Bretylium
Chloral Hydrate
Chloroquine
Chlorpromazine
Clarithromycin
Desipramine
Dibenzepin
Disopyramide
Dolasetron
Doxepin
Droperidol
Eltrombopag
Enflurane
Erythromycin
Flecainide
Fluconazole
Fluoxetine
Foscarnet
Gemifloxacin
Halofantrine
Haloperidol
Halothane
Hydroquinidine
Ibutilide
Imipramine
Isoflurane
Isradipine
Lidoflazine
Lorcainide
Mefloquine
Methotrexate
Nortriptyline
Octreotide
Pentamidine
Pirmenol
Prajmaline
Probucol
Procainamide
Prochlorperazine
Propafenone
Pyrimethamine
Quetiapine
Quinidine
Risperidone
Sematilide
Sertindole
Sotalol
Spiramycin
Sultopride
Tedisamil
Telithromycin
Trifluoperazine
Trimipramine
Vasopressin
Warfarin
Zotepine

Using trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole with any of the following medicines may cause an increased risk of certain side effects, but using both drugs may be the best treatment for you. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.

Acetohexamide
Anisindione
Chlorpropamide
Didanosine
Digoxin
Enalaprilat
Enalapril Maleate
Fosphenytoin
Glipizide
Glyburide
Phenytoin
Quinapril
Repaglinide
Rifabutin
Rosiglitazone
Tolazamide
Tolbutamide

Interactions with Food/Tobacco/Alcohol

Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions may occur. Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur. The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.

Using trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole with any of the following is usually not recommended, but may be unavoidable in some cases. If used together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole, or give you special instructions about the use of food, alcohol, or tobacco.

Ethanol

Proper Use of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole

A nurse or other trained health professional will give you trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole. trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole is given through a needle placed in one of your veins.

Precautions While Using trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole

It is very important that your doctor check your progress at regular visits to make sure that trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole is working properly. Blood tests may be needed to check for unwanted effects.

Using trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole while you are pregnant can harm your unborn baby. Use an effective form of birth control to keep from getting pregnant. If you think you have become pregnant while using the medicine, tell your doctor right away. Do not breastfeed while using the medicine.

Very rarely, trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole has caused severe side effects. If you start to have a skin rash, or if you think you are having a severe skin reaction, call your doctor or nurse right away. Symptoms of a severe reaction may include a skin rash, skin color that is very pale or yellow, or skin with purple spots, along with a sore throat, fever, muscle pain, cough, and trouble with breathing.

Check with your doctor right away if you have abdominal or stomach cramps; bloating; watery and severe diarrhea, which may also be bloody; nausea or vomiting; or unusual tiredness or weakness. These may be symptoms of a serious intestinal infection.

trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole may cause serious allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis can be life-threatening and requires immediate medical attention. Check with your doctor right away if you have a rash; itching; swelling of the face, tongue, and throat; trouble with breathing; shortness of breath; or chest pain after you get the injection.

Before you have any medical tests, tell the medical doctor in charge that you are taking trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole. The results of some tests may be affected by trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole.

trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole Side Effects

Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.

Check with your doctor or nurse immediately if any of the following side effects occur:

Rare

Abdominal or stomach pain
black, tarry stools
blistering, peeling, or loosening of skin
changes in skin color
chest pain
chills
cough or hoarseness
dark urine
diarrhea
dizziness
fever with or without chills
general feeling of tiredness or weakness
headache
itching
joint or muscle pain
light-colored stools
loss of appetite
lower back or side pain
nausea
pain, tenderness, or swelling of foot or leg
painful or difficult urination
pale skin
rash
red irritated eyes
red skin lesions, often with a purple center
shortness of breath
sore throat
sores, ulcers, or white spots in mouth or on lips
swollen or painful glands
tightness in chest
unpleasant breath odor
unusual bleeding or bruising
unusual tiredness or weakness
vomiting of blood
wheezing
yellow eyes or skin

Incidence not known

Abdominal tenderness
back, leg, or stomach pains
bleeding gums
bleeding under the skin
blindness or vision changes
blisters, hives, or itching
bloating
blood in urine or stools
bluish-colored lips, fingernails, or palms
burning, crawling, itching, numbness, painful, prickling, “pins and needles”, or tingling feelings
burning of face or mouth
clumsiness or unsteadiness
cloudy urine
confusion
constipation
continuing ringing or buzzing or other unexplained noise in ears
convulsions
cracks in the skin
decreased frequency or amount of urine
diarrhea, watery and severe, which may also be bloody
difficulty breathing
difficulty swallowing
dizziness or lightheadedness
fainting spells
general body swelling
general feeling of discomfort or illness
hair loss
hearing loss
increased blood pressure
increased thirst
indigestion
irregular heartbeat
large, flat, blue or purplish patches in the skin
large, hive-like swelling on face, eyelids, lips, tongue, throat, hands, legs, feet, or sex organs
loss of heat from the body
muscle or joint pain
nosebleeds
not able to pass urine
numbness or tingling in hands, feet, or lips
pain or burning while urinating
pains in the stomach, side, or abdomen, possibly radiating to the back
painful knees and ankles
pinpoint red spots on skin
puffiness or swelling of the eyelids or around the eyes, face, lips or tongue
raised red swellings on the skin, the buttocks, legs or ankles
rapid heart rate
red, swollen skin
redness of the white part of the eyes
redness, swelling, or soreness of tongue
scaly skin
shakiness and unsteady walk
soreness of muscles
stiff neck or back
swelling of face, hands, legs, and feet
swelling or inflammation of the mouth
trouble breathing
unsteadiness, trembling, or other problems with muscle control or coordination
unusual weight loss
weakness in hands or feet
weakness or heaviness of legs
weight gain

More common

Hives or welts
passing of gas
redness of skin
stomach pain, fullness, or discomfort

Incidence not known

Discouragement
feeling of constant movement of self or surroundings
feeling sad or empty
increased sensitivity of skin to sunlight
irritability
lack of feeling or emotion
loss of interest or pleasure
nervousness
redness or other discoloration of skin
seeing, hearing, or feeling things that are not there
sensation of spinning
severe sunburn
sleeplessness
trouble concentrating
trouble sleeping
unable to sleep
uncaring

Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.

Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

Advanced,T

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trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole (Oral route)

30/06/10

sul-fa-meth-OX-a-zole, trye-METH-oh-prim

Commonly used brand name(s):

In the U.S.

Bactrim
Bactrim DS
Septra
Septra DS
Sulfatrim
Sulfatrim Pediatric

In Canada

Apo-Sulfatrim
Novo-Trimel
Nu-Cotrimox
Septa Pediatric
Septra Pediatric Suspension

Available Dosage Forms:

Tablet
Suspension

Therapeutic Class: Sulfonamide Combination

Pharmacologic Class: Folic Acid Antagonist

Chemical Class: Sulfonamide

Uses For trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole

Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim combination is used to treat infections such as urinary tract infections, middle ear infections (otitis media), bronchitis, traveler’s diarrhea, and shigellosis (bacillary dysentery). trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole is also used to prevent or treat Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), a very serious kind of pneumonia. This type of pneumonia occurs more commonly in patients whose immune systems are not working normally, such as cancer patients, transplant patients, and patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).

trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole is available only with your doctor’s prescription.

Before Using trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole

Allergies

Pediatric

Geriatric

Pregnancy

	Pregnancy Category	Explanation
All Trimesters	C	Animal studies have shown an adverse effect and there are no adequate studies in pregnant women OR no animal studies have been conducted and there are no adequate studies in pregnant women.

Breast Feeding

Sulfamethoxazole

Trimethoprim

Studies in women suggest that this medication poses minimal risk to the infant when used during breastfeeding.

Interactions with Medicines

Bepridil
Cisapride
Dofetilide
Levomethadyl
Mesoridazine
Pimozide
Terfenadine
Thioridazine

Acecainide
Acenocoumarol
Ajmaline
Amiodarone
Amisulpride
Amitriptyline
Amoxapine
Aprindine
Arsenic Trioxide
Astemizole
Azimilide
Bretylium
Chloral Hydrate
Chloroquine
Chlorpromazine
Clarithromycin
Desipramine
Dibenzepin
Disopyramide
Dolasetron
Doxepin
Droperidol
Eltrombopag
Enflurane
Erythromycin
Flecainide
Fluconazole
Fluoxetine
Foscarnet
Gemifloxacin
Halofantrine
Haloperidol
Halothane
Hydroquinidine
Ibutilide
Imipramine
Isoflurane
Isradipine
Lidoflazine
Lorcainide
Mefloquine
Methotrexate
Nortriptyline
Octreotide
Pentamidine
Pirmenol
Prajmaline
Probucol
Procainamide
Prochlorperazine
Propafenone
Pyrimethamine
Quetiapine
Quinidine
Risperidone
Sematilide
Sertindole
Sotalol
Spiramycin
Sultopride
Tedisamil
Telithromycin
Trifluoperazine
Trimipramine
Vasopressin
Warfarin
Zotepine

Acetohexamide
Anisindione
Chlorpropamide
Didanosine
Digoxin
Enalaprilat
Enalapril Maleate
Fosphenytoin
Glipizide
Glyburide
Phenytoin
Quinapril
Repaglinide
Rifabutin
Rosiglitazone
Tolazamide
Tolbutamide

Interactions with Food/Tobacco/Alcohol

Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions may occur. Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur. The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.

Ethanol

Proper Use of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole

Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim combination is best taken with a full glass (8 ounces) of water. Several additional glasses of water should be taken every day, unless otherwise directed by your doctor. Drinking extra water will help to prevent some unwanted effects.

For patients taking the oral liquid, use a specially marked measuring spoon or other device to measure each dose accurately. The average household teaspoon may not hold the right amount of liquid.

To help clear up your infection completely, keep taking trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole for the full time of treatment, even if you begin to feel better after a few days. If you stop taking trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole too soon, your symptoms may return.

Dosing

The dose of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor’s orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.

For oral dosage forms (liquid or tablets):
- For treatment of bacterial infections:
  - Adults and children 40 kilograms (kg) of body weight or more—800 milligrams (mg) of sulfamethoxazole and 160 mg of trimethoprim every 12 hours.
  - Infants 2 months of age and older, and children up to 40 kg of weight—Dose is based on body weight. The usual dose is 40 mg of sulfamethoxazole and 8 mg of trimethoprim per kg of body weight every 12 hours.
  - Infants below 2 months of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
- For treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP):
  - Adults and children 2 months of age and older—Dose is based on body weight. The usual dose is 75 to 100 milligrams (mg) of sulfamethoxazole and 15 to 20 mg of trimethoprim per kilogram (kg) of body weight each day, given in equally divided doses every 6 hours.
  - Infants below 2 months of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
- For prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP):
  - Adults—800 milligrams (mg) of sulfamethoxazole and 160 mg of trimethoprim once a day.
  - Children and infants 2 months of age and older—Dose is based on body size and must be determined by your doctor. The usual dosing regimen is 750 mg of sulfamethoxazole and 150 mg of trimethoprim per square meter of body surface each day. This is given in equally divided doses two times a day for three days a week on consecutive days (e.g., Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday).
  - Infants below 2 months of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.

Missed Dose

If you miss a dose of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses.

Storage

Store the medicine in a closed container at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and direct light. Keep from freezing.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed.

Ask your healthcare professional how you should dispose of any medicine you do not use.

Precautions While Using trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole

Very rarely, trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole has caused severe side effects. If you start to have a skin rash, or if you think you are having a severe skin reaction, stop taking trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole and call your doctor right away. Symptoms of a severe reaction may include a skin rash, skin color that is very pale or yellow, or skin with purple spots, along with a sore throat, fever, muscle pain, cough, and trouble with breathing.

trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole Side Effects

Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.

Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:

Rare

Abdominal or stomach pain
black, tarry stools
blistering, peeling, or loosening of skin
changes in skin color
chest pain
chills
cough or hoarseness
dark urine
diarrhea
dizziness
fever with or without chills
general feeling of tiredness or weakness
headache
itching
joint or muscle pain
light-colored stools
loss of appetite
lower back or side pain
nausea
pain, tenderness, or swelling of foot or leg
painful or difficult urination
pale skin
rash
red irritated eyes
red skin lesions, often with a purple center
shortness of breath
sore throat
sores, ulcers, or white spots in mouth or on lips
swollen or painful glands
tightness in chest
unpleasant breath odor
unusual bleeding or bruising
unusual tiredness or weakness
vomiting of blood
wheezing
yellow eyes or skin

Incidence not known

Abdominal tenderness
back, leg, or stomach pains
bleeding gums
bleeding under the skin
blindness or vision changes
blisters hives or itching
bloating
blood in urine or stools
bluish-colored lips, fingernails, palms
burning, crawling, itching, numbness, painful, prickling, “pins and needles”, or tingling feelings
burning of face or mouth
chest pain
clumsiness or unsteadiness
cloudy urine
confusion
constipation
continuing ringing or buzzing or other unexplained noise in ears
convulsions
cracks in the skin
decreased frequency or amount of urine
diarrhea
diarrhea, watery and severe, which may also be bloody
difficulty breathing
difficulty swallowing
fainting spells
general body swelling
general feeling of discomfort or illness
hair loss
hearing loss
hives
increased blood pressure
increased thirst
indigestion
irregular heartbeat
large, flat, blue or purplish patches in the skin
large, hive-like swelling on face, eyelids, lips, tongue, throat, hands, legs, feet, or sex organs
loss of heat from the body
muscle or joint pain
nosebleeds
not able to pass urine
numbness or tingling in hands, feet, or lips
pain or burning while urinating
painful knees and ankles
pains in the stomach, side, or abdomen, possibly radiating to the back
pinpoint red spots on skin
puffiness or swelling of the eyelids or around the eyes, face, lips, or tongue
raised red swellings on the skin, the buttocks, legs, or ankles
rapid heart rate
red, swollen skin
redness of the white part of the eyes
redness, swelling, or soreness of tongue
scaly skin
shakiness and unsteady walk
sores, ulcers, or white spots on lips or in mouth
soreness of muscles
stiff neck or back
swelling of face, hands, legs, and feet
swelling or inflammation of the mouth
trouble breathing
unsteadiness, trembling, or other problems with muscle control or coordination
unusual weight loss
weakness in hands or feet
weakness or heaviness of legs
weight gain

More common

Passing of gas

Incidence not known

Discouragement
feeling of constant movement of self or surroundings
feeling sad or empty
increased sensitivity of skin to sunlight
irritability
lack of feeling or emotion
loss of interest or pleasure
nervousness
redness or other discoloration of skin
seeing, hearing, or feeling things that are not there
sensation of spinning
severe sunburn
sleeplessness
trouble concentrating
trouble sleeping
unable to sleep
uncaring
weight loss

Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.

Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

Advanced,T

Comments (0)

trimethoprim (Oral route)

30/06/10

trye-METH-oh-prim

Commonly used brand name(s):

In the U.S.

Primsol
Proloprim
Trimpex

Available Dosage Forms:

Tablet
Solution

Therapeutic Class: Antibiotic

Pharmacologic Class: Folic Acid Antagonist

Uses For trimethoprim

Trimethoprim is used to treat infections of the urinary tract. It may also be used for other problems as determined by your doctor. It will not work for colds, flu, or other virus infections.

Trimethoprim is available only with your doctor’s prescription.

Once a medicine has been approved for marketing for a certain use, experience may show that it is also useful for other medical problems. Although these uses are not included in product labeling, trimethoprim is used in certain patients for the following medical conditions:

Prevention of urinary tract infections
Treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP)

For patients taking trimethoprim for prevention of urinary tract infections:

Your doctor may have prescribed trimethoprim to prevent infections of the urinary tract. It is usually given once a day and may be given for a long time for this purpose. If you have any questions about this, check with your doctor.

Before Using trimethoprim

In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For trimethoprim, the following should be considered:

Allergies

Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to trimethoprim or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.

Pediatric

trimethoprim has been used in a limited number of children 2 months of age or older, and tested in children 12 years of age or older. In effective doses, the medicine has not been shown to cause different side effects or problems in children than it does in adults.

Geriatric

Elderly people may be more sensitive to the effects of trimethoprim. Blood problems may be more likely to occur in elderly patients who are taking diuretics (water pills) along with trimethoprim.

Pregnancy

	Pregnancy Category	Explanation
All Trimesters	C	Animal studies have shown an adverse effect and there are no adequate studies in pregnant women OR no animal studies have been conducted and there are no adequate studies in pregnant women.

Breast Feeding

Studies in women suggest that this medication poses minimal risk to the infant when used during breastfeeding.

Interactions with Medicines

Using trimethoprim with any of the following medicines is not recommended. Your doctor may decide not to treat you with this medication or change some of the other medicines you take.

Bepridil
Cisapride
Dofetilide
Levomethadyl
Mesoridazine
Pimozide
Terfenadine
Thioridazine

Using trimethoprim with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.

Acecainide
Ajmaline
Amiodarone
Amisulpride
Amitriptyline
Amoxapine
Aprindine
Arsenic Trioxide
Astemizole
Azimilide
Bretylium
Chloral Hydrate
Chloroquine
Chlorpromazine
Clarithromycin
Desipramine
Dibenzepin
Disopyramide
Dolasetron
Doxepin
Droperidol
Eltrombopag
Enflurane
Erythromycin
Flecainide
Fluconazole
Fluoxetine
Foscarnet
Gemifloxacin
Halofantrine
Haloperidol
Halothane
Hydroquinidine
Ibutilide
Imipramine
Isoflurane
Isradipine
Lidoflazine
Lorcainide
Mefloquine
Methotrexate
Nortriptyline
Octreotide
Pentamidine
Pirmenol
Prajmaline
Probucol
Procainamide
Prochlorperazine
Propafenone
Pyrimethamine
Quetiapine
Quinidine
Risperidone
Sematilide
Sertindole
Sotalol
Spiramycin
Sultopride
Tedisamil
Telithromycin
Trifluoperazine
Trimipramine
Vasopressin
Zotepine

Using trimethoprim with any of the following medicines may cause an increased risk of certain side effects, but using both drugs may be the best treatment for you. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.

Anisindione
Didanosine
Digoxin
Enalaprilat
Enalapril Maleate
Fosphenytoin
Phenytoin
Quinapril
Repaglinide
Rosiglitazone
Tolbutamide

Interactions with Food/Tobacco/Alcohol

Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions may occur. Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur. The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.

Using trimethoprim with any of the following is usually not recommended, but may be unavoidable in some cases. If used together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use trimethoprim, or give you special instructions about the use of food, alcohol, or tobacco.

Ethanol

Proper Use of trimethoprim

Do not give trimethoprim to infants or children under 12 years of age unless otherwise directed by your doctor.

Trimethoprim may be taken on an empty stomach or, if it upsets your stomach, it may be taken with food.

To help clear up your infection completely, keep taking trimethoprim for the full time of treatment even if you begin to feel better after a few days. If you stop taking trimethoprim too soon, your symptoms may return.

trimethoprim works best when there is a constant amount in the body. To help keep the amount constant, do not miss any doses. Also, it is best to take the doses at evenly spaced times day and night. For example, if you are to take 2 doses a day, the doses should be spaced about 12 hours apart. If this interferes with your sleep or other daily activities, or if you need help in planning the best times to take your medicine, check with your health care professional.

Dosing

The dose of trimethoprim will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor’s orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of trimethoprim. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.

For the treatment of urinary tract infections :
- Adults and children 12 years of age and older: 100 milligrams every twelve hours for ten days, or 200 milligrams once a day for ten days.
- Children up to 12 years of age: Dose must be determined by the doctor.

Missed Dose

If you miss a dose of trimethoprim, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses.

Storage

Store the medicine in a closed container at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and direct light. Keep from freezing.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed.

Precautions While Using trimethoprim

It is important that your doctor check your progress at regular visits if you will be taking trimethoprim for a long time. This will allow your doctor to check for any unwanted effects that may be caused by trimethoprim.

If your symptoms do not improve within a few days, or if they become worse, check with your doctor.

If trimethoprim causes anemia, your doctor may want you to take folic acid (a vitamin) every day to help clear up the anemia. If so, it is important to take folic acid every day along with trimethoprim; do not miss any doses.

Trimethoprim may cause blood problems. These problems may result in a greater chance of certain infections, slow healing, and bleeding of the gums. Therefore, you should be careful when using regular toothbrushes, dental floss, and toothpicks. Dental work should be delayed until your blood counts have returned to normal. Check with your medical doctor or dentist if you have any questions about proper oral hygiene (mouth care) during treatment.

Some people who take trimethoprim may become more sensitive to sunlight than they are normally. Exposure to sunlight, even for brief periods of time, may cause severe sunburn or skin rash, redness, itching, or discoloration. When you begin taking trimethoprim:

Stay out of direct sunlight, especially between the hours of 10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m., if possible.
Apply a sun block product that has a skin protection factor (SPF) of at least 15. Some patients may require a product with a higher SPF number, especially if they have a fair complexion. If you have any questions about this, check with your health care professional.
Do not use a sunlamp or tanning bed or booth.

If you have a severe reaction from the sun, check with your doctor.

trimethoprim Side Effects

Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.

Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:

Less common

Skin rash or itching

Rare

Black, tarry stools
blood in urine or stools
bluish fingernails, lips, or skin
changes in facial skin color
chills
difficult breathing or shortness of breath
fever with or without chills
general feeling of discomfort or illness
headache
joint or muscle pain
nausea
neck stiffness
pale skin
pinpoint red spots on skin
redness, blistering, burning, tenderness, peeling, or loosening of skin or mucous membranes
redness, swelling, or soreness of tongue
red skin lesions, often with a purple center
sore throat
swelling
thickened or scaly skin
unusual bleeding or bruising
unusual tiredness or weakness

Less common

Diarrhea
loss of appetite
nausea or vomiting
stomach cramps or pain

Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.

Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

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trimethobenzamide (Oral route)

30/06/10

trye-meth-oh-BENZ-a-mide

Commonly used brand name(s):

In the U.S.

Tigan

Available Dosage Forms:

Capsule

Therapeutic Class: Antiemetic

Pharmacologic Class: Anticholinergic

Uses For trimethobenzamide

Trimethobenzamide is used to treat nausea and vomiting .

trimethobenzamide is available only with your doctor’s prescription .

Before Using trimethobenzamide

In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For trimethobenzamide, the following should be considered:

Allergies

Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to trimethobenzamide or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.

Pediatric

No information is available on the relationship of age to the effects of trimethobenzamide in the pediatric population. However, because of this medication’s toxicity, use in children is not recommended. Safety and efficacy have not been established .

Geriatric

Appropriate studies on the relationship of age to the effects of trimethobenzamide have not been performed in the geriatric population. However, elderly patients are more likely to have age-related kidney disease, which may require an adjustment of dosage in patients receiving trimethobenzamide .

Breast Feeding

Interactions with Medicines

Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. Tell your healthcare professional if you are taking any other prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicine.

Interactions with Food/Tobacco/Alcohol

Proper Use of trimethobenzamide

Do not use trimethobenzamide to treat nausea and vomiting in children unless otherwise directed by your doctor. If you are giving trimethobenzamide to a child, be very careful not to give more than your doctor ordered. The side effects of trimethobenzamide may be more serious in children .

Trimethobenzamide is only used to relieve or prevent nausea and vomiting. Use it as directed. Do not use more of it and do not use it more often than your doctor ordered. To do so may increase the chance of side effects .

Dosing

The dose of trimethobenzamide will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor’s orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of trimethobenzamide. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.

For oral dosage form (capsules):
- For nausea and vomiting:
  - Adults—300 milligrams (mg) three or four times a day as needed.
  - Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor .

Missed Dose

If you miss a dose of trimethobenzamide, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses.

Storage

Store the medicine in a closed container at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and direct light. Keep from freezing.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed.

Ask your healthcare professional how you should dispose of any medicine you do not use.

Precautions While Using trimethobenzamide

Trimethobenzamide will add to the effects of alcohol and other CNS depressants (medicines that make you drowsy or less alert). Some examples of CNS depressants are antihistamines or medicines for hay fever, other allergies, or colds; sedatives, tranquilizers, or sleeping medicines; prescription pain medicines or narcotics; barbiturates; medicine for seizures; muscle relaxants; or anesthetics, including some dental anesthetics. Check with your doctor before taking any of these medicines while you are using trimethobenzamide .

trimethobenzamide may cause some people to become dizzy, lightheaded, drowsy, or less alert than they are normally. Make sure you know how you react to trimethobenzamide before you drive, use machines, or do anything else that could be dangerous if you are dizzy or not alert .

trimethobenzamide Side Effects

Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.

Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:

Rare

Body spasm, with head and heels bent backward and body bowed forward
convulsions (seizures)
depression
shakiness or tremors
skin rash
sore throat or fever
unusual tiredness
vomiting (severe or continuing)
yellow eyes or skin

More common

Drowsiness

Less common

Blurred vision
diarrhea
dizziness
headache
muscle cramps

Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.

Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

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trimethobenzamide (Intramuscular route)

30/06/10

trye-meth-oh-BENZ-a-mide

Commonly used brand name(s):

In the U.S.

Arrestin
Benzacot
Stemetic
Ticon
Tigan
Tribenzagan

Available Dosage Forms:

Solution

Therapeutic Class: Antiemetic

Pharmacologic Class: Anticholinergic

Uses For trimethobenzamide

Trimethobenzamide is used to treat nausea and vomiting .

trimethobenzamide is available only with your doctor’s prescription .

Before Using trimethobenzamide

Allergies

Pediatric

No information is available on the relationship of age to the effects of intramuscular trimethobenzamide in the pediatric population. However, because of this medication’s toxicity, use in children is contraindicated. Intramuscular trimethobenzamide should never be used in children .

Geriatric

No information is available on whether the risk of trimethobenzamide-induced adverse effects is increased in the elderly. However, because of this medication’s toxicity, it should be used with caution, after less toxic alternatives have been considered and/or found ineffective. Recommended doses should not be exceeded, and the patient should be carefully monitored during therapy .

Breast Feeding

Interactions with Medicines

Interactions with Food/Tobacco/Alcohol

Proper Use of trimethobenzamide

Trimethobenzamide is only used to relieve or prevent nausea and vomiting. A nurse or other trained health professional will give you trimethobenzamide. trimethobenzamide is given as a shot into one of your muscles .

Your doctor may only give you a few doses of trimethobenzamide until your condition improves, and then may switch you to an oral medicine that works the same way. If you have any concerns about this, talk to your doctor .

Precautions While Using trimethobenzamide

trimethobenzamide Side Effects

Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.

Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:

Rare

Body spasm, with head and heels bent backward and body bowed forward
convulsions (seizures)
depression
shakiness or tremors
skin rash
sore throat or fever
unusual tiredness
vomiting (severe or continuing)
yellow eyes or skin

More common

Drowsiness

Less common

Blurred vision
diarrhea
dizziness
headache
muscle cramps

Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.

Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

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Trilafon Concentrate

30/06/10

Generic Name: meclizine, buclizine, and cyclizine (Oral route, Parenteral route)

Commonly used brand name(s):

In the U.S.

Antivert
Antivert/25
Antivert/50
Atarax
Compazine
Permitil
Prolixin
Torecan
Trilafon
Vistaril
Xyzal
Zyrtec

In Canada

Moditen Hydrochloride
Pms-Hydroxyzine
Pms-Perphenazine
Stemetil
Trilafon Concentrate

Available Dosage Forms:

Tablet
Capsule
Liquid
Solution
Elixir
Tablet, Chewable
Capsule, Liquid Filled
Syrup
Capsule, Extended Release
Suspension

Uses For Trilafon Concentrate

Buclizine, cyclizine, and meclizine are used to prevent and treat nausea, vomiting, and dizziness associated with motion sickness, and vertigo (dizziness caused by other medical problems).

Some of these preparations are available only with your doctor’s prescription. Others are available without a prescription; however, your doctor may have special instructions on the proper dose of the medicine for your medical condition.

Once a medicine has been approved for marketing for a certain use, experience may show that it is also useful for other medical problems. Although these uses are not included in product labeling, some of these medicines are used in certain patients to prevent the following medical conditions:

Nausea and vomiting following surgery
Nausea and vomiting following cancer radiation treatment

Before Using Trilafon Concentrate

Allergies

Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to medicines in this group or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.

Pediatric

There is no specific information comparing use of buclizine, cyclizine, and meclizine in children with use in other age groups. However, children may be especially sensitive to the anticholinergic effects (e.g., dryness of mouth, nose, and throat) of these medicines.

Geriatric

There is no specific information comparing use of buclizine, cyclizine, and meclizine in the elderly with use in other age groups. Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older people. Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly the same way they do in younger adults. However, older people may be especially sensitive to the anticholinergic effects (e.g., constipation; difficult urination; dryness of mouth, nose, and throat) of these medicines.

Pregnancy

These medicines have not been shown to cause birth defects or other problems in humans. However, studies in animals have shown that buclizine, cyclizine, and meclizine given in doses many times the usual human dose cause birth defects, such as cleft palate.

Breast Feeding

Although these medicines may pass into breast milk, they have not been reported to cause problems in nursing babies. However, since these medicines tend to decrease the secretions of the body, it is possible that the flow of breast milk may be reduced in some patients.

Interactions with Medicines

Using medicines in this class with any of the following medicines is not recommended. Your doctor may decide not to treat you with a medication in this class or change some of the other medicines you take.

Arsenic Trioxide
Bepridil
Cisapride
Dofetilide
Droperidol
Grepafloxacin
Levomethadyl
Mesoridazine
Metoclopramide
Pimozide
Sparfloxacin
Terfenadine
Thioridazine
Venlafaxine
Ziprasidone

Using medicines in this class with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.

Acecainide
Ajmaline
Amiodarone
Amisulpride
Amitriptyline
Amoxapine
Aprindine
Arsenic Trioxide
Astemizole
Azimilide
Bretylium
Chloral Hydrate
Chloroquine
Chlorpromazine
Clarithromycin
Desipramine
Dibenzepin
Disopyramide
Dofetilide
Dolasetron
Doxepin
Droperidol
Encainide
Enflurane
Erythromycin
Fentanyl
Flecainide
Fluconazole
Fluoxetine
Foscarnet
Gatifloxacin
Gemifloxacin
Halofantrine
Haloperidol
Halothane
Hydromorphone
Hydroquinidine
Ibutilide
Imipramine
Isoflurane
Isradipine
Levofloxacin
Levomethadyl
Levorphanol
Lidoflazine
Lithium
Lorcainide
Mefloquine
Methadone
Metrizamide
Morphine
Morphine Sulfate Liposome
Moxifloxacin
Nortriptyline
Octreotide
Oxycodone
Paliperidone
Pentamidine
Pimozide
Pirmenol
Prajmaline
Probucol
Procainamide
Procarbazine
Prochlorperazine
Propafenone
Quetiapine
Quinidine
Risperidone
Sematilide
Sertindole
Sotalol
Spiramycin
Sulfamethoxazole
Sultopride
Tapentadol
Tedisamil
Telithromycin
Tramadol
Trifluoperazine
Trimethoprim
Trimipramine
Vasopressin
Ziprasidone
Zolmitriptan
Zolpidem
Zotepine

Interactions with Food/Tobacco/Alcohol

Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions may occur. Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur. The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.

Proper Use of meclizine, buclizine, and cyclizine

This section provides information on the proper use of a number of products that contain meclizine, buclizine, and cyclizine. It may not be specific to Trilafon Concentrate. Please read with care.

This medicine is used to relieve or prevent the symptoms of motion sickness or vertigo (dizziness caused by other medical problems). Take it only as directed. Do not take more of it or take it more often than stated on the label or ordered by your doctor. To do so may increase the chance of side effects.

Dosing

The dose medicines in this class will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor’s orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of these medicines. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.

For buclizine
For oral dosage form (chewable tablets):
- To prevent motion sickness:
  - Adults and teenagers—The usual dose is 50 milligrams (mg) thirty minutes before travel. The dose may be repeated every four to six hours if needed. Not more than 150 mg should be taken in one day.
  - Children—Dose must be determined by your doctor.

For cyclizine
For oral dosage form (tablets):
- To prevent and treat motion sickness:
  - Adults and teenagers—The usual dose is 50 milligrams (mg) thirty minutes before travel. The dose may be repeated every four to six hours if needed. Not more than 200 mg should be taken in one day.
  - Children 6 to 12 years of age—The usual dose is 25 mg thirty minutes before travel. The dose may be repeated every six to eight hours if needed. Not more than 75 mg should be taken in one day.
  - Children up to 6 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For injection dosage form:
- To prevent and treat motion sickness:
  - Adults and teenagers—The usual dose is 50 mg injected into a muscle every four to six hours as needed.
  - Children—Dose is based on body weight and must be determined by your doctor. The usual dose is 1 mg per kilogram (0.45 mg per pound) of body weight injected into a muscle three times a day as needed.

For meclizine
For oral dosage forms (tablets and chewable tablets):
- To prevent and treat motion sickness:
  - Adults and children 12 years of age or older—The usual dose is 25 to 50 milligrams (mg) one hour before travel. The dose may be repeated every twenty-four hours as needed.
  - Children up to 12 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
- To prevent and treat vertigo (dizziness):
  - Adults and children 12 years of age or older—The usual dose is 25 to 100 mg a day as needed, divided into smaller doses.
  - Children up to 12 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.

Missed Dose

If you miss a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses.

Storage

Keep out of the reach of children.

Store the medicine in a closed container at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and direct light. Keep from freezing.

Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed.

Precautions While Using Trilafon Concentrate

Tell the doctor in charge that you are taking this medicine before you have any skin tests for allergies. The results of the test may be affected by this medicine.

Buclizine, cyclizine, or meclizine will add to the effects of alcohol and other CNS depressants (medicines that make you drowsy or less alert). Some examples of CNS depressants are antihistamines or medicine for hay fever, other allergies, or colds; sedatives, tranquilizers, or sleeping medicine; prescription pain medicine or narcotics; barbiturates; medicine for seizures; muscle relaxants; or anesthetics, including some dental anesthetics. Check with your doctor before taking any of the above while you are using this medicine.

This medicine may cause some people to become drowsy or less alert than they are normally Make sure you know how you react to this medicine before you drive, use machines, or do anything else that could be dangerous if you are not alert.

Buclizine, cyclizine, and meclizine may cause dryness of the mouth. For temporary relief use sugarless candy or gum, melt bits of ice in your mouth, or use a saliva substitute. However, if your mouth continues to feel dry for more than 2 weeks, check with your medical doctor or dentist. Continuing dryness of the mouth may increase the chance of dental disease, including tooth decay, gum disease, and fungus infections.

Trilafon Concentrate Side Effects

Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.

More common

Drowsiness

Less common or rare

Blurred or double vision
constipation
diarrhea
difficult or painful urination
dizziness
dryness of mouth, nose, and throat
fast heartbeat
headache
loss of appetite
nervousness, restlessness, or trouble in sleeping
skin rash
upset stomach

Not all of the side effects listed above have been reported for each of these medicines, but they have been reported for at least one of them. Buclizine, cyclizine, and meclizine are similar, so any of the above side effects may occur with any of these medicines.

Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.

Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

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trihexyphenidyl (Oral route)

30/06/10

Commonly used brand name(s):

In the U.S.

Artane
Trihexane
Tritane

Available Dosage Forms:

Tablet
Capsule, Extended Release
Elixir

Therapeutic Class: Antiparkinsonian

Pharmacologic Class: Anticholinergic

Uses For trihexyphenidyl

Trihexyphenidyl is used alone or together with other medicines (e.g., levodopa) to treat Parkinson’s disease. By improving muscle control and reducing stiffness, trihexyphenidyl allows more normal movements of the body as the disease symptoms are reduced.

Trihexyphenidyl is also used to control severe muscle reactions and other side effects from certain medicines that are used to treat severe nausea or nervous, mental, or emotional conditions (e.g., haloperidol [Haldol®], loxapine [Loxitane®], prochlorperazine [Compazine®], promethazine [Phenergan®], thiothixene [Navane®]).

trihexyphenidyl is available only with your doctor’s prescription.

Before Using trihexyphenidyl

In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For trihexyphenidyl, the following should be considered:

Allergies

Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to trihexyphenidyl or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.

Pediatric

No information is available on the relationship of age to the effects of trihexyphenidyl in the pediatric population. Safety and efficacy have not been established.

Geriatric

No information is available on the relationship of age to the effects of trihexyphenidyl in geriatric patients. However, elderly men are more likely to have age-related prostate problems, and all elderly patients are more likely to have age-related kidney, liver, or heart problems. These conditions may require caution or an adjustment in the dose for patients receiving trihexyphenidyl.

Breast Feeding

Studies suggest that this medication may alter milk production or composition. If an alternative to this medication is not prescribed, you should monitor the infant for side effects and adequate milk intake.

Interactions with Medicines

Using trihexyphenidyl with any of the following medicines is not recommended. Your doctor may decide not to treat you with this medication or change some of the other medicines you take.

Potassium Chloride

Using trihexyphenidyl with any of the following medicines may cause an increased risk of certain side effects, but using both drugs may be the best treatment for you. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.

Betel Nut
Chlorpromazine
Haloperidol
Perphenazine

Interactions with Food/Tobacco/Alcohol

Proper Use of trihexyphenidyl

Take trihexyphenidyl every day exactly as ordered by your doctor in order to improve your condition as much as possible. Do not take more of it, do not take it more often, and do not take it for a longer time than your doctor ordered.

You may take trihexyphenidyl before or after food, although it is usually taken with meals.

Dosing

The dose of trihexyphenidyl will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor’s orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of trihexyphenidyl. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.

For oral dosage form (elixir or tablets):
- For Parkinson’s disease:
  - Adults—At first, 1 milligram (mg) once a day. Your doctor may increase your dose as needed. However, the dose is usually not more than 15 mg per day, given in divided doses 3 or 4 times per day.
  - Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
- For side effects caused by other medicines:
  - Adults—5 to 15 milligrams (mg) per day, given in divided doses 3 or 4 times per day.
  - Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.

Missed Dose

If you miss a dose of trihexyphenidyl, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses.

Storage

Store the medicine in a closed container at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and direct light. Keep from freezing.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed.

Ask your healthcare professional how you should dispose of any medicine you do not use.

Precautions While Using trihexyphenidyl

It is important that your doctor check your progress at regular visits to allow changes in your dose and to check for any unwanted effects.

Before using trihexyphenidyl, your doctor may want you to have your eyes checked by an ophthalmologist (eye doctor). Trihexyphenidyl may increase your risk of having glaucoma. Check with your doctor right away if you have blurred vision or any change in vision while taking trihexyphenidyl.

Trihexyphenidyl may cause dryness of the mouth, nose, and throat. For temporary relief of mouth dryness, use sugarless candy or gum, melt bits of ice in your mouth, or use a saliva substitute. However, if your mouth continues to feel dry for more than 2 weeks, check with your medical doctor or dentist. Continuing dryness of the mouth may increase the chance of dental disease, including tooth decay, gum disease, and fungus infections.

trihexyphenidyl Side Effects

Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.

Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:

Rare

Abdominal or stomach cramps or pain
bloating
constipation
delusions of persecution, mistrust, suspiciousness, or combativeness
excessive dryness of the mouth
false beliefs that cannot be changed by facts
loss of appetite
nausea or vomiting
seeing, hearing, or feeling things that are not there
skin rash
stomach pain
swollen, painful, or tender lymph glands on the side of the face or neck

Incidence not known

Anxiety
blurred vision
change in vision
decrease in frequency of urination
decrease in urine volume
difficult urination
difficulty in passing urine (dribbling)
disturbed behavior
dry mouth
enlarged pupils
eye pain
fast, pounding, or irregular heartbeat or pulse
hyperventilation
irritability
loss of vision
mental confusion
nervousness
painful urination
restlessness
shaking
shortness of breath
trouble sleeping

More common

Dizziness
mild nausea
nervousness

Incidence not known

Drowsiness
weakness

Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.

Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

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trifluridine (Ophthalmic route)

30/06/10

trye-FLURE-i-deen

Commonly used brand name(s):

In the U.S.

Viroptic

Available Dosage Forms:

Solution

Therapeutic Class: Antiviral

Pharmacologic Class: Viral DNA Thymidylate Synthetase Inhibitor

Chemical Class: Pyrimidine Nucleoside Analog

Uses For trifluridine

Trifluridine ophthalmic preparations are used to treat virus infections of the eye.

Trifluridine is available only with your doctor’s prescription.

Before Using trifluridine

In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For trifluridine, the following should be considered:

Allergies

Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to trifluridine or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.

Pediatric

Although there is no specific information comparing the use of trifluridine in children with use in other age groups, it is not expected to cause different side effects or problems in children than it does in adults.

Geriatric

Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older people. Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly the same way they do in younger adults or if they cause different side effects or problems in older people. There is no specific information comparing the use of trifluridine in the elderly with use in other age groups.

Interactions with Medicines

Interactions with Food/Tobacco/Alcohol

Proper Use of trifluridine

The bottle is only partially full to provide proper drop control.

To use:

First, wash your hands. Then tilt the head back and pull the lower eyelid away from the eye to form a pouch. Drop the medicine into the pouch and gently close the eyes. Do not blink. Keep the eyes closed for 1 or 2 minutes to allow the medicine to come into contact with the infection.
If you think you did not get the drop of medicine into your eye properly, use another drop.
To keep the medicine as germ-free as possible, do not touch the applicator tip to any surface (including the eye). Also, keep the container tightly closed.

Do not use trifluridine more often or for a longer time than your doctor ordered. To do so may cause problems in the eyes. If you have any questions about this, check with your doctor.

To help clear up your infection completely, keep using trifluridine for the full time of treatment, even if your symptoms have disappeared. Do not miss any doses.

Dosing

The dose of trifluridine will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor’s orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of trifluridine. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.

For ophthalmic solution dosage forms:
- For viral eye infection:
  - Adults and children 6 years of age and older—One drop every two hours while you are awake. After healing has occurred, the dose may be reduced for seven more days to one drop every four hours (at least 5 doses a day) while you are awake.
  - Children up to 6 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.

Missed Dose

If you miss a dose of trifluridine, apply it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule.

Storage

Store in the refrigerator. Do not freeze.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed.

Precautions While Using trifluridine

It is very important that you keep your appointment with your doctor. If your symptoms become worse, check with your doctor sooner.

trifluridine Side Effects

Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.

Check with your doctor as soon as possible if any of the following side effects occur:

Rare

Blurred vision or other change in vision
dryness of eye
irritation of eye
itching, redness, swelling, or other sign of irritation not present before use of trifluridine

More common

Burning or stinging

Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.

Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

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Drugs & Medications:A-Z

Recent Posts

Blogroll

30/06/10

Uses For trimipramine

Before Using trimipramine

Allergies

Pediatric

Geriatric

Pregnancy

Breast Feeding

Interactions with Medicines

Interactions with Food/Tobacco/Alcohol

Other Medical Problems

Proper Use of trimipramine

Dosing

Missed Dose

Storage

Precautions While Using trimipramine

trimipramine Side Effects

30/06/10

Uses For trimetrexate

Before Using trimetrexate

Allergies

Pediatric

Geriatric

Pregnancy

Breast Feeding

Interactions with Medicines

Interactions with Food/Tobacco/Alcohol

Other Medical Problems

Proper Use of trimetrexate

Dosing

Missed Dose

Storage

Precautions While Using trimetrexate

trimetrexate Side Effects

30/06/10

Uses For trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole

Before Using trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole

Allergies

Pediatric

Geriatric

Pregnancy

Breast Feeding

Interactions with Medicines

Interactions with Food/Tobacco/Alcohol

Other Medical Problems

Proper Use of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole

Precautions While Using trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole

trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole Side Effects

30/06/10

Uses For trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole

Before Using trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole

Allergies

Pediatric

Geriatric

Pregnancy

Breast Feeding

Interactions with Medicines

Interactions with Food/Tobacco/Alcohol

Other Medical Problems

Proper Use of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole

Dosing

Missed Dose

Storage

Precautions While Using trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole

trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole Side Effects

30/06/10

Uses For trimethoprim

Before Using trimethoprim

Allergies

Pediatric

Geriatric

Pregnancy

Breast Feeding

Interactions with Medicines

Interactions with Food/Tobacco/Alcohol

Other Medical Problems

Proper Use of trimethoprim